Uprating Universal Credit to tackle the cost of living crisis | Policy in Practice | Benefits calculator and data analytics
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Uprating Universal Credit to tackle the cost of living crisis

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Uprating Universal Credit to tackle the cost of living crisis

The Centre for Social Justice asked Policy in Practice to calculate the cost of three policy options to increasing Universal Credit, in order to protect low income households from high and rising inflation.

  • Option 1: Restoring the £20 weekly uplift to Universal Credit
  • Option 2: Increasing elements of Universal Credit, as though they had been uprated by 10% in April 2022
  • Option 3: Restoring work allowances to 2015 levels to help all Universal Credit households in work This was a rapid response policy costing

While we believe these estimates are reasonable and accurate, they were carried out largely using aggregate figures, rather than detailed micro-simulation modeling of survey or administrative data.

Findings

Option 1: Restoring the £20 weekly uplift to Universal Credit

  • 4.2 million households on Universal Credit would gain
  • The average gain per household would be £1,000 per year
  • The policy would cost £4.2 billion

Option 2: Increasing elements of Universal Credit, as though they had been uprated by 10% in April 2022

  • 4.2 million households on Universal Credit would gain
  • The average gain per household would be £729 per year
  • The policy would cost £3.1 billion

Option 3: Restoring work allowances to 2015 levels to help all Universal Credit households in work

  • 1.66 million households in work and on Universal Credit would gain
  • The average gain per household would be £442 per year for each household in work
  • The policy would cost £733 million

Each policy operates independently and can be implemented on its own, or alongside each other

Recommendations

These options are listed in our preferred order.

  1. Restoring the £20 uplift to Universal Credit gets the maximum support to the maximum number of households, and we know from the pandemic that it could be implemented quickly
  2. Increasing elements as though they had been uprated by 10% in April should have happened in April. This lowers the cost to the treasury, if this is a concern it is a sensible alternative to restoring the £20 uplift
  3. Households in work have already benefited from the welcome fall in the withdrawal rate in Universal Credit from 63% to 55%. If the government wants to continue to prioritise support to working people, this is a sensible alternative. However, households who are unable (and not expected) to work would continue to suffer from high and rising living costs.

Since the end of the £20 emergency uplift to Universal Credit, there has been no directly targeted support to the lowest income households. We believe that the chancellor should consider each of these options, and implement one (or all) of them, or propose a better alternative. Doing something is better than doing nothing.

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