Latest analysis by Policy in Practice reveals the level of missed financial support for families, working age people and older households, many of whom are newly eligible. There is growing evidence that targeted action is making a difference.
More than £24 billion in benefits and support is going unclaimed in 2025, according to new analysis by Policy in Practice. The figure, the highest yet, reveals a growing number of people now eligible for help, combined with a clearer view of how many are missing out.
Key findings
- £24.1 billion in financial support is going unclaimed in 2025, a new high, up from £19 billion in 2023 and £24 billion in 2024. More detailed analysis that better represents regional variations, captures the latest policy changes and shows the nominal value of unclaimed benefits.
- Over 7 million households are missing out on the help they’re entitled to, including over 1.7 million working age families and 750,000 pensioners. The migration to Universal Credit is driving the increase in working claims, while efforts to increase take up of Pension Credit appear to be making a difference.
- Actions to close the gap are working. Action across central government, local government and the private and voluntary sectors are making a difference. The report includes case studies that show targeted outreach works.
The barriers to take up are awareness, complexity and stigma:
- Awareness: People are simply unaware that certain benefits exist or assume that they won’t be eligible
- Complexity: Half a dozen different benefits, navigating complex criteria, and proving eligibility are all barriers to claiming
- Stigma: Perceptions around claiming benefits discourage eligible people from engaging with the benefit system
Recent policy changes have expanded eligibility. The biggest share of missed support still sits with working age households, driven by the continued rollout of Universal Credit.
Signs of progress: growing momentum to close the gap
Despite the scale of the challenge, the figures also reveal that progress is possible. Take up of Pension Credit was improving even before changes to the Winter Fuel Payment put a spotlight on it. We put this down to local organisations taking targeted, data driven action to improve benefit take up. Councils, housing providers, utilities, banks and building societies, and advice organisations are showing how smart, proactive approaches can identify millions of pounds, connecting families to missed support that helps lift many out of hardship.
Examples of what’s working to close the unclaimed support gap:
- More older people are now receiving Pension Credit, helping them stay warm and well in later life. The official take up rate has risen from 63% to 65%. We expect take up to continue to improve as these figures don’t yet reflect the full impact of the short lived policy shift tying the Winter Fuel Payment to Pension Credit, which prompted a surge in applications and co-ordinated national and local take up efforts
- More children are getting the school meals they need to thrive, thanks to improved use of data by councils. Some local authorities are achieving take up rates as high as 95%, showing what’s possible when the application process is simplified and eligible families are contacted directly. These successes have helped to shape national policy discussions on widening access to all children in households on Universal Credit
- More households on low incomes are set to benefit from lower water bills, as government and industry move closer to a single national water social tariff. DEFRA is currently consulting on reforms to make support more consistent and accessible across England and Wales. In the meantime, companies like Thames Water are demonstrating what’s possible, combining good data with direct outreach to increase take up
This shows that government policy and local action together can have a sustained impact on the number of people missing out. There is more to do; streamlining and automated applications are starting to help many of those who are newly eligible to access support faster, however while the social security system still relies on people to understand complex rules and on repeated manual applications gaps will persist.
Deven Ghelani, Director and Founder of Policy in Practice, said:
“The scale of unclaimed support in Britain is still staggering. Over £24 billion is left on the table at a time when many are struggling to stay afloat. But this isn’t a failure of the public. It’s a failure of a social security system that is still too complex, too fragmented and too passive.
“The good news is that we now have the tools to fix this. In the past year alone, our work with local authorities, housing providers, and utility companies has helped put millions of pounds into people’s pockets. This shows what’s possible and what’s urgently needed.
“Every £1 claimed is a step toward better health, improved education, stronger families and reduced pressure on public services. It’s time for bold, coordinated action to close the £24 billion gap.”
Kathryn Townsend, Head of Customer Vulnerability & Accessibility, Nationwide, said:
“Nationwide believes in fairer banking and good outcomes for all customers. An important part of this is enabling people to access the support they’re entitled to in a way that works for them.
“At a time when many households continue to experience financial hardship, we’re incredibly proud that through our partnership with Policy in Practice, £1.2 million in unclaimed benefits has been uncovered for more than 2,200 people in the first four weeks since launch. As the first financial services organisation to launch a free telephone benefits calculator, this is a major step forward in inclusive financial support.”
Nina White, Director of Income at Thames Water, said:
“We are passionate about supporting customers who are struggling to pay their bills and this partnership with Policy in Practice allows us to reach thousands of Londoners who previously may have been unaware that our WaterHelp scheme can help them. We’re looking forward to the rollout extending to 18 boroughs across London, with customers enrolled on the scheme automatically if eligible.”
Dr Debbie Weekes-Bernard, London’s Deputy Mayor for Communities and Social Justice, said:
“We know that there are many Londoners who are struggling to get by each month, yet completely unaware of the support available to them. These payments can make a significant difference to their lives, and that’s why we work with partners across the capital to help Londoners secure millions that they are entitled to. From Healthy Start vouchers for new families, to Pension Credit for older Londoners, we will continue to do all we can to support Londoners to get the helping hand they need, as we build a fairer London for everyone.”
London residents notified about Healthy Start by their local authority, said:
“I didn’t know there was something like that until I received a letter from my council. I’ve two kids and have never applied for this.”
“It’s been amazing. Allowing me to ensure my 3 year old gets the fruits and vegetables as part of her 5 a day.”
Pension Credit take up campaign beneficiary said:
“Claiming Pension Credit enabled my husband and me to have a second honeymoon to Ramsgate, our first holiday in ten years.”
Cllr Ben Kind, Councillor and Cabinet Member for Children and Families, Lambeth Council, said:
“Our commitment to maximising Free School Meals enrolment not only ensures fairer access to essential nourishment for children in Lambeth’s schools but also directly channels vital additional funding into our schools.”
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Notes to editors
- The full Missing Out 2025 report from Policy in Practice provides the most comprehensive estimate yet of unclaimed support across 12 national benefits, locally administered entitlements, and regulated sector support like social tariffs
- The analysis covers Universal Credit, Pension Credit, Carer’s Allowance, Child Benefit, Council Tax Support, Housing Benefit for Pensioners, Free School Meals, Healthy Start, energy, broadband and water discounts, TV Licenses and more
- The analysis includes methodological improvements and combined national caseload and expenditure data in England, Wales and Scotland with local administrative records, offering the clearest picture yet of benefit take up across Britain
- Policy in Practice is a social policy software and analytics company working with over 100 local authorities, housing providers, charities and commercial partners to reduce poverty through LIFT and Better Off-enabled insights and actions.
- Local authorities using the LIFT platform have helped 62,000 households to become better off by over £77 million a year. People will continue to get support each year, making the lifetime impact of LIFT over £500 million. LIFT clients saw an average increase of 95 households claiming Pension Credit over the period, compared to an average of just 2 households taking up Pension Credit in non-LIFT local authorities.
- Every day, thousands of people use the Better Off Calculator through GOV.UK and our partners have helped over 230,000 people identify £1.4 billion in unclaimed support annually using the Better Off Calculator, with those eligible identifying almost £6,000 on an annual basis.
- The report showcases examples of proactive approaches to get people the support they need:
- Data-led take up campaigns across 10 local authorities identified students eligible for free school meals, and contacted families offering auto-enrolment with a simple opt out option. From over 1,600 households contacted, more than 1,800 students enrolled, with an estimated £390,000 saved for families each year and over £2 million in Pupil Premium unlocked for schools
- Nationwide discovered over £1.2 million in unclaimed benefits for over 2,200 people in four weeks
- Thames Water auto-enrolled more than 2,500 eligible customers into water social tariffs, reaching £500,000 in annual support